It was dedicated in 367 BC by Furio Camillo, who won the bitter enemy of Rome, Veii. With this Temple he wanted to celebrate the peace between patricians and plebeians, which for over 150 years tore the political life of the city. The plebeians finally saw the equalization of their political rights to those of the patricians. But it seems that it was not only the political tenacity of the plebeians to ensure this result, but also the jealousy between sisters. One of the two daughters of M. Fabius Ambustus married a patrician, the other one a plebeian. The latter soon had to argue with his father, because her brother-in-law could aspire to a political career that her husband, as a plebeian, had precluded. To maintain peace in his family, then, Ambustus endorsed the law that brought peace to Rome. In 121 BC the temple was rebuilt after the Gracchi riots. In the rebuilding of the 121 BC for the first time the travertine was used in a public monument of the city. The Fratres Arvales met in the temple, and also the senate often did. Here Cicero declaimed his fourth Catilinarian. Tiberius tried to transform it in a museum. In the Middle Ages also this building began to decline and to deteriorate.